If you want to be familiar with woven fabrics, you need to understand these parameters

Woven fabrics

A fabric composed of two systems of warp and weft yarns interwoven vertically with each other according to certain rules.

Warp: The yarns that run along the length of the fabric (longitudinal).

Weft: The yarns that run along the width (crosswise) of the fabric.

Fabric structure: The collective form of warp and weft yarns in the fabric.

Fabric structure is the mutual arrangement of warp and weft yarns in the fabric. To study the fabric structure, in addition to studying the laws of the ups and downs of warp and weft yarns and the fabric organization, it is also necessary to study the spatial form of their configuration in the fabric. The spatial shape of warp and weft yarns in the fabric is called the geometric structure of the fabric.

There are three major factors that determine the fabric structure: warp and weft yarn density, warp and weft arrangement density, and fabric organization. If these three elements are different, the spatial forms of warp and weft yarns in the fabric will be different. These three factors determine the tightness, thickness and weight of the fabric, the buckling state of the warp and weft yarns in the fabric, the surface form and pattern of the fabric, and thus the performance and appearance of the fabric.

The relationship between density and tightness

The warp and weft density of a fabric is an absolute value that represents the tightness of the fabric. It has nothing to do with the thickness of the warp and weft yarns. It can only compare the tightness of different fabrics with the same warp and weft yarn fineness. The tightness is a relative value indicating the tightness of the fabric, which is related to the thickness of the warp and weft yarns used in the fabric. Regardless of the fineness of the warp and weft yarns used in the fabric, the tightness and thickness of the fabric can be compared.

The tightness of the fabric is a direct response to the warp and weft density of the fabric. When the warp and weft density of the fabric remain unchanged, the warp and weft tightness of the fabric has a linear relationship with the warp and weft density. As the weft density and weft density increase, the warp and weft tightness of the fabric increases accordingly.

3 fabric lengthHeight, width and thickness

length

The length is the length of the piece, measured in meters (m). The piece length is determined according to the use, thickness, weight and roll capacity of the fabric. The piece length of various types of cotton fabrics is 25~40m; the piece length of wool fabrics is generally 60~70m for large pieces and 30~30m for small pieces. 40m.

width

The width of the fabric refers to the large transverse dimension of the fabric, which is called the width. The unit is centimeters (cm). The width of the fabric is determined according to the use of the fabric, shrinkage during the weaving process and processing conditions. The width of cotton fabrics is divided into two categories: medium width and wide width. The medium width is generally 81.5~106.5cm, and the wide width is generally 127~167.5cm. The development of new looms has also changed the width, and there are more and more wide-width fabrics.

Thickness

The vertical distance between the front and back sides of the fabric under a certain pressure, measured in millimeters (mm). Fabrics can be divided into three categories according to thickness: thin, medium-thick and thick.