Cost calculation of various fabrics

1. Raw material cost

Raw material cost = yarn amount per meter × yarn price

How to calculate the amount of yarn used per meter? We classify all fabrics into non-elastic fabrics, weft elastic fabrics, and four-way elastic fabrics to explain respectively.

　1. Non-elastic fabric

Most of the fabric samples or specifications that customers give us are finished products, which have been colored. We need to restore the finished product specifications to the natural cotton specifications. .

Natural cotton warp density = Finished product warp density × Finished door width / Natural cotton door width

　本Weft density of colored cotton fabric = weft density of finished product × (1- color shrinkage)

Note: The color shrinkage is about 2-5% of Cotton, 3-8% of polyester-cotton, and 8-15% of polyester. %, the thinner the cloth, the greater the shrinkage of coloring. The shrinkage of coloring in the machine cylinder is greater than that on the long car. The smaller the shrinkage required for steaming and ironing of the finished fabric, the greater the shrinkage of coloring.

Let’s give an example. For example, the specifications of the regular variety of Cotton yarn card natural cotton cloth are 21s×16s/128×60 with a width of 63 inches (note the specifications The yarn count units are British counts, the density units are inches, and the door width units are also inches. Some specifications are not in this unit and can be converted. For example, the unit of chemical fiber is D, then the number of D × The number of British branches = 5314. When the D number is 150, it is converted into the number of British branches = 5314/150 = 35.4 (branch)

　Formula:

Warp yarn amount = (warp density × width × 0.65)/Warp yarn count, that is, 128×63×0.65/21=249.6g

Weft yarn amount = (weft density × width × 0.65) / weft yarn count, that is, 60 × 63 × 0.65/16 =153.6 grams

　In the formula:0.65 is a coefficient, a very rough coefficient, There are many factors that affect the size of this coefficient, such as shrinkage, warp elongation due to tension, loss, etc.

The amount of yarn used per meter of cloth here is not equal to the weight of the finished fabric per meter per square meter. There is also a coefficient, generally 0.88. , we calculated that the amount of yarn used is 249.6+153.6 = 403.2 g/m, the weight per square meter of the finished product is approximately 403.2×0.88 =355 g/m, and the weight per square meter per square meter is 355/1.5 (door width) = 237g / square meter, this coefficient varies greatly among different fabrics. When coloring, there are many factors that affect this coefficient, such as shrinkage, alkali reduction, pre-treatment, etc. In many cases, it is necessary to rely on experience to summarize this coefficient.

Assuming that the price of 21-count cotton yarn is 20,000 yuan/ton = 0.02 yuan/g, then the warp yarn The cost is: 249.6×0.02=4.992 yuan/meter; similarly, assuming that the price of 16-count cotton yarn is 18,000 yuan/ton, the cost of yarn in the weft direction is 153.6×0.018=2.76 yuan/meter for fabric raw materials of this specification. The cost is 4.992+2.76=7.75 yuan/meter.

The prices of raw materials can be found in the market conditions of fabric raw materials on major fabric websites, or you can call the corresponding production factory. Some spinning yarns are very special, such as some slub yarns, yarns with a very high proportion of blended chemical fiber fabrics, yarns with special uses, which are not in stock on the market and need to be spun to order. The price is more expensive than conventional yarns, which also affects the cost and delivery time.

　2. Weft elastic fabric

Conventional weft stretch fabrics have corresponding natural cotton fabrics, such as: Cotton stretch poplin finished product 40×40+40D/133×72 57 The natural cotton fabric corresponding to /58 inches is 96×72 and the door width is 84 inches on the machine; the finished Cotton stretch yarn card is 16×16+70D/120×40 48/50 inches and the natural cotton fabric is 90×40 and the door width is 72 inches on the machine. ; Cotton stretch direct tribute finished product 32×32+40D/190×80 57/58 inches. The corresponding natural cotton fabric is 130×80. The upper machine door width is 84 inches. For other non-conventional weft stretch fabrics, the door width reduction rate is as follows For proportional calculation, the general door width shrinkage is about 30%. The specifications of the finished product are restored to the specifications of the original color cotton cloth, and then the yarn amount and raw material cost are calculated according to the calculation formula of the yarn amount of the non-elastic fabric.

3. Four-way stretch fabric

The method is the same, and the finished fabric specifications should be restored to the machine specifications of natural cotton cloth, and then calculated according to the calculation method without elasticity .

For example, Cotton four-sided bullet, the finished product specification is 32s/2+70D×32s/2+70d density is 100×60/inch, door The width is 46 inches. The machine specifications to restore the original color cotton cloth should be a density of 65×46 and a door width of 72 inches. (The shrinkage rate in the weft direction is 35% and the shrinkage rate in the warp direction is 23%. Generally, it is long tie-dyeing) , according to the previous calculation formula, the yarn amount can be calculated: (65+46) × 72 × 0.65/16 = 325g/m (if the yarn count in the warp and weft directions is the same, add the warp and weft densities), that is, per meter The amount of yarn used is 325 grams.

Another example is polyester four-way elastic. The common finished product specification is 200d+40d×200d+40. The density is 118×80/inch and the width is 57 /58, the machine specifications to restore the original color cotton fabric should be that the warp and weft density is 82×56 (all-polyester four-way elastic is usually colored with an overflow cylinder, and the shrinkage rate is about 30% in both the warp and weft directions). The machine width is 84 Inch, 200d converted into count should be 5314/200=26.6. Calculate the yarn amount according to the yarn amount calculation formula: (82+56)×84×0.65/26.6=283g/m.

Other T/R four-sided strokes and T/C four-sided strokes are all the same, except that the shrinkage in the longitude and latitude directions is different. Different, specific shrinkage data should be consulted with people with relevant production experience.

Based on the amount of yarn used in the natural cotton cloth, and taking into account factors such as the warp shrinkage of the dyeing, alkali loss, etc., it can be roughly calculated The weight per square meter of the finished product is very different from the actual weight per square meter calculated by this theory. The general error is about plus or minus 20 grams/meter, which can only be used as a reference.

2. Weaving cost

Weaving fee is mainly related to the weft density, and secondly to the loom. For example, Cotton generally uses air-jet looms. It is usually said that “one dime per shuttle” means: the weft density is divided by 2.54 and then multiplied by 0.1, which is the weaving cost. For example, the conventional cotton poplin 40×40 133×72/inch, The weft density is 72, and the calculated weaving fee is 72/2.54×0.1=2.83 yuan/meter. If it is made of all chemical fiber filaments without sizing, the weaving fee can be calculated as 8 points. Some varieties are more difficult to weave, and the weaving fee will be higher. For larger widths, the weaving fee will be higher. The more high-end the loom, the more expensive the weaving fee. The weaving fee for shuttle looms is cheap, and the weaving fee will be higher. Shuttle looms and jacquard looms are expensive to weave.

The off-season cleaning fee is cheaper than the peak season. The first half of the year is the off-season, and the second half of the year is the peak season. Large factories, large-scale factories, and factories with standardized management have better quality assurance than small factories, and the finishing fees are also more expensive. The appropriate factory should be selected according to the quality requirements of different customers.

3. Finishing fee after coloring and printing

Generally, Cotton is tie-dyed with long lathes, and the whole process is active coloring. The dyeing fee for spring and summer fabrics is about 1.5 yuan/meter, and the dyeing fee for autumn and winter fabrics is about 1.5 yuan/meter. The cost of dyeing fabric is about 2.8 yuan. Generally, polyester fabrics are dyed using a machine cylinder. Spring and summer fabrics cost about 1 yuan/meter, and autumn and winter fabrics cost about 2 yuan/meter. Generally, depending on the number of colors and the width of the door, the finishing fee ranges from 2 yuan to 5 yuan.

The embroidery finishing fee is calculated based on the number of stitches per meter. Generally, it is 0.03 yuan/thousand stitches for small machine flat embroidery and 0.03 yuan/thousand needles for large machine embroidery. , sequin embroidery, towel embroidery, water-soluble embroidery, chain embroidery, patch embroidery, multi-color embroidery, the finishing fee will increase more or less.

　In short, the higher the quality requirements, the more expensive the corresponding finishing fee will be. When calculating these finishing fees, don’t forget to include shrinkage and loss. For example, Cotton four-way elastic fabric has a warp shrinkage of 23% and a dyeing fee of 4.5 yuan/meter. If the natural color cotton fabric is 15 yuan/meter, then the cost of dyeing is: 15/(1-23%) + 4.5 = 23.98 yuan / meter, plus 2% loss (seam ends during production, etc.), 23.98×1.02=24.46 yuan/meter.

Other special fabrics, such as nylon fabric, Tencel, Modal, etc., or special finishing fees, such as Teflon three-proof treatment , embroidery finishing fees, PU coating, lamination, etc. You need to consult the corresponding production and finishing company in detail to get the accurate cost.

4. Other expenses

The cost of inspecting rolling and packaging is generally 0.1 yuan/meter, and the value-added tax is 17%. For example, if the profit is 1 yuan/meter, then Pay a tax of 0.17 yuan/meter. If the customer does not need an invoice, it is generally 3% cheaper. It should be noted that the theoretical calculations here are only suitable for customized varieties and fabrics with very specific specifications. If it is a conventional variety, the price on the market is generally cheaper than the theoretically calculated price. The actual price is based on market conditions and can basically be found on major fabric websites. Because of the large quantity, the finishing fees in each link are cheap and the loss is small. , and some products that cut corners are even cheaper, such as per square meter.�The weight is not enough, the warp and weft density is not enough, the yarn count is too thin, the coloring quality is not good, the yarn used has poor line dryness, poor strength, etc.

AAASDGGERY6UFGH

Extendedreading:https://www.china-fire-retardant.com/post/9386.html