Basic overview of African cotton
1. Egypt
1. Overview of Egypt
a. Egypt’s geographical location and climate characteristics
Egypt is located in northeastern Africa. Bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the east, it is located at the strategic crossroads of Asia, Africa and Latin America, sandwiched between the two deserts of Libya and Arabia. Its one million square kilometers of land are almost covered by desert. Except for the northern coastal delta, the entire territory has a scorching hot climate all year round. No rain.
The Nile River, which is about 1,200 kilometers long, runs through the entire territory from south to north, forming 3-16 kilometers along both sides of the river. A long and narrow valley in the north and south and a fan-shaped delta north of Cairo, during which 2.5% of the cultivated land in the country is concentrated. this.
b. Egyptian cotton production characteristics and export situation
Egyptian cotton fields are all irrigated by Nile River water. The cotton yield is relatively high, ranking among the top cotton yields in the world. Generally, the cotton yield per mu is about 60 kilograms.
Egypt’s long-staple cotton exports remain above 100,000 tons all year round, with its total output and export volume accounting for more than 50% of the world’s long-staple cotton. It is the world’s largest producer and exporter of high-quality long-staple cotton. Export cotton is sold from government quotas.
2. Quality characteristics and grading standards of Egyptian cotton
Egyptian cotton is of excellent quality. The long-staple cotton produced is the best in the world. The fiber is slender and strong. It can spin more than 100 yarns. The color Partial breast but intact silk, good colorability. my country mainly imports Egyptian long-staple cotton varieties.
The quality of its representative varieties is listed in the following table:
The main varieties of Egyptian long-staple cotton exported are Giza 70, 88 and 86, of which Giza 88 is good long-staple cotton.
2. West African Countries
Cotton production and management in West African countries:
West Africa south of the Sahara and north of the equator is an important production area of high-quality cotton in Africa. There are many countries that grow cotton here. The cotton area is large and the quality of cotton is high. This is mainly due to the unique natural climate conditions of the area: the production area is adjacent to the Gulf of Guinea to the west and south and the Sahara Desert to the north. The area has a low latitude and is hot all year round. The high temperature and heat conditions are excellent. The average temperature in the cold months is above 20 degrees Celsius, so cotton can grow all year round.
12 of the 18 countries in West Africa produce cotton. Except for Niger and Ghana, which produce very little, the others are Chad in the former French Equatorial Africa, Central Africa, and Côte d’Ivoire, Mali, and Burkina in French West Africa. Somalia, Senegal, French-mandated Cameroon, Benin, and the former British-controlled Nigeria and Togo, etc.
West African cotton has a milky color and is suitable for spinning and weaving yarns, and can spin yarns of more than 40 seconds. Cameroon cotton has high strength and good micronaire value, and is mainly A-grade cotton; Mali cotton has good spinnability, but poor consistency. West African cotton prices do not fluctuate closely with the fluctuations of New York futures like US cotton and Australian cotton. Since West African countries are priced in francs domestically and their exports are priced in US dollars, sometimes changes in the exchange rate between the franc and the US dollar have a greater impact on their quotations.
a. Cotton production and management in Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso’s cotton fiber quality ranks fourth in the world and is quite competitive in the international market. Burkina Faso grows Allen strains BJA592, Allen 333/57, 442/2 and Kezi 413. The cotton length is 1-1/8 inches, the fineness is about 5644 counts (4.5mic), and the strength is 80,000 pounds/square. inches, cotton in this area is well organized.
b. Benin cotton production and management
With good appearance and strong rigidity, Benin cotton production areas are on the south side of the Niger River in the north and central part. Benin’s cotton self-use rate is low, and most of the cotton is exported. Benin mainly grows Allen A33, BJA592 and Monu varieties.
The main length of Benin cotton is 1 inch, the fineness is 6350-5644 counts (4.0-4.5mic), and the strength is 85-90 thousand pounds per square inch. The cotton quality is better than other West African countries.
Benin cotton has a good appearance, the fiber length is generally 25-30 mm, the short staple rate is relatively high, generally 16.29-19.93%, sometimes reaching more than 20%, and the impurity content is 3-4%. From an economic point of view, Benin’s cotton is suitable for use as natural cotton for batik cloth.
c. Cotton production management in Mali
Mali is the second largest cotton-producing country in Africa, second only to Egypt, with an annual output of about 500,000 tons of seed cotton. Malian cotton relies on rainwater to grow, with manual flower picking and saw-tooth ginning. The average yield of Malian cotton per unit area is about 450 kilograms per hectare (the yield per mu is less than 30 kilograms).
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