Ring spinning
Ring spinning is the most commonly used yarn on the market. The most common spinning method, the drawn fiber strips of the sliver or roving are introduced through the rotation of the ring traveler. The bobbin winding speed is faster than the traveler, and the cotton yarn is twisted into spun yarn. It is widely used in various short fiber spinning projects. The yarn has a compact structure and high strength, making it suitable for thread making and various products such as weaving and knitting.
Ring spinning (combing) process: blow room – carding – pre-drawing – strip drawing – combing – first draw – second draw —Roving—Spinning yarn—Winding
Ring spinning (carding) process: Blower room—Carding—First drawing—Second drawing—roving—Spinning yarn —Winding
Twistless spinning
Twistless spinning is a spinning method that uses an adhesive to bond the fibers in the fiber strips to each other into yarn. After the roving is drawn by the drafting device, the sliver is sent to the twisting drum, and the thin layer of adhesive from the tank box is contacted on the return drum. The fiber strip is transported forward by several small rotating pressure rollers and the drum. One of the small pressure rollers also makes axial reciprocating motion at the same time, twisting the fiber strip into a circular cross-section, and allowing each fiber to contact evenly. to the adhesive. The round fiber strips are dried by a heater, and the fibers stick to each other to form yarn. The spinning speed can be 2 to 4 times greater than conventional spinning methods, and the yarn produced can be used for weaving.
Self-twisting spinning
Self-twist spinning is a non-traditional spinning method. The two fiber strips are drawn thin by the drafting device, output by the front roller and twisting roller, and are combined at the yarn guide hook. In addition to rotating, the twisting roller also moves rapidly in the axial direction to twist the yarn sliver, so that the yarn sliver before and after the twisting roller obtains twists in opposite directions. The morphological characteristic of self-twisting yarn is that adjacent yarn segments alternately twist in forward and reverse directions, and there is no twist at the alternation.
This spinning method is specially used for multi-strand yarns, such as wool spinning or wool-like chemical fiber products. High-quality self-twisted yarn can be directly used for weft knitting, but warp yarns for weaving must use twisted self-twisted yarn to improve strength performance.
Centrifugal spinning
Centrifugal spinning is a continuous spinning method that uses a high-speed centrifugal tank (cup) and a lifting yarn guide tube to implement twisting and winding. After passing through the drafting device, the roving continuously outputs fiber strips from the front roller, and enters the high-speed rotating cylindrical centrifugal tank through the yarn guide hook and yarn guide tube. The yarn strip is close to the inner wall of the tank under the action of centrifugal force and rotates with the tank, so that The yarn between the lower end of the yarn guide tube and the front roller is twisted, and the horizontal direction of the yarn rotation speed under the yarn guide tube lags behind the centrifugal tank to produce winding.
The yarn guide tube rises and falls according to a certain pattern to form a cross-wound yarn cake. When the winding reaches a certain length requirement, the front roller stops outputting fiber strips, and the yarn guide tube rises and exits. Centrifuge tank, quickly lower the empty bobbin into the centrifuge tank, and the yarn end hooks the yarn hook at the bottom of the bobbin, so that the yarn on the yarn cake is unwound to the bobbin. After the unwinding is completed, the full bobbin is removed. Compared with ring spinning, it consumes a lot of power, has a lot of yarn waste, is difficult to deal with end breaks, the yarn is re-wound onto the bobbin, and the front roller needs to stop, which affects productivity, and is rarely used now.
Hat spindle spinning
Hat spindle spinning is a spinning method in which the spindle cap and bobbin work together to actually twist and wind the yarn. Used for wool and linen spinning. The bell-type spindle cap is fixed on the top of the spindle, and the bobbin is looped on the spindle. After the roving is thinned by the drafting device, the fiber strips are continuously output from the front roller and wound on the bobbin through the yarn guide hook and the lower edge of the spindle cap. When the bobbin rotates, the yarn sliver is driven to rotate under the spindle cap, and the yarn sliver is continuously twisted. The frictional resistance of the spindle cap to the rotating yarn sliver causes the yarn sliver to be continuously wound on the bobbin. The bobbin rises and falls with the lifting plate according to certain rules, and the spun yarn is wound into a certain package form. The hat spindle spinning method has low spinning tension and less end breakage.
Spindle spinning
Spindle spinning is a spinning method that periodically implements the three functions of yarn drafting, twisting and winding.
A working cycle is divided into four stages:
The first stage: spinning. The drafting device drafts the roving and sends out the fiber strips, and the carriage leaves the drafting device.��An unconventional method of spinning. When the fiber strip is falsely twisted after drafting by using jet airflow, some free fibers at the head end of the fiber strip are wrapped around the periphery of the fiber strip for spinning. There are two types: single nozzle and double nozzle. The latter has good and stable spinning quality. The fiber strip is drawn thin by the drafting device, output from the front roller, passes through the first nozzle, the second nozzle, the yarn guide hook, the yarn guide roller, and is wound into a bobbin by the grooved drum. The vortex rotation direction of the two nozzles is opposite, and the vortex intensity of the second nozzle is greater than that of the first nozzle, so that the twist on the yarn strip between the two nozzles can overcome the torque and resistance exerted by the first nozzle on the yarn strip, and is transmitted to the front roller At the jaws. The free head ends of the twisted fibers on the periphery of the fiber strip are affected by the first nozzle and wrapped around the fiber strip in the opposite direction. The fibers in the twisted yarn core are retreated and twisted through the nozzle, while the wrapped fibers become tighter and tighter during the reverse reeling process.
Compared with ring spinning, it has the advantages of high output, large packages, and short processes. Suitable for spinning various short fiber and filament core-spun yarns and processing plied medium-length chemical fiber yarns. Murata of Japan is an expert in air-jet spinning, and its products include MJS, MVS, and RJS. The shape of air-jet spinning is similar to open-end spinning, with a hard feel and good hairiness.
Air-jet spinning process: blow room-carding-pre-drawing-strip drawing-combing-first draw-second draw-air-jet spinning
Friction spinning
Friction spinning is a method that uses the friction between the surface of the machine part and the surface of the yarn to produce twist into yarn. The more mature ones have dust cage spinning.
Dust cage spinning
Dust cage spinning, also known as Dreff spinning, is a type of friction spinning, mostly collectively called friction spinning, and is a free-end spinning method. The principle is that the fiber strips are loosened into single fibers by the roller, and are blown to the surface of a rotating dust cage by the action of air flow. The distance between a pair of dust cages is very small, and the rotation speed and direction are the same. The fiber layer rotates with the dust cage. When it reaches the triangle area of the two dust cages, the surfaces of the two dust cages are twisted and twisted into yarn, which is guided by the yarn guide hook to the yarn roller, and is directly wound into a bobbin by the winding mechanism. It is suitable for spinning thick special yarns, and can also be used to spin core-spun yarns with filaments. It is usually used to weave thick fabrics or various blankets.
