Color system
For the convenience of understanding, researching and applying colors, the ever-changing colors will be introduced. According to their respective characteristics, they are arranged in certain rules and order and named, which is called a color system. The establishment of a color system is of great value for the standardization, scientificity, systematization and practical application of color research. (1) Classification of color systems 1. Surface color system Surface color system is a systematic and overall color system that mixes primary color pigments with black and white to create object colors. Its characteristic is that it can not only display colors concretely, but also convey colors. Representative surface color systems include Munsell, Ostwald, DIN, and Nippon Color Research Station. 2. Color name system The color name system is a system that divides the colors of objects into color categories according to their broad divisions and gives corresponding names. This system is used for color selection and color impression communication. The representative ones are IsccNBs color name method and JIS color name method. Color code and color table system used in Japan Baoyan survey. 3. Mixed system A mixed system is a system of open colors formed by mixing primary colors. The representative of this system is the CIE color system of the International Illuminating Institute. (2) Achromatic series and chromatic series The rich and diverse colors are composed of two categories: achromatic series and chromatic series. 1. Achromatic system Black and white, as well as various shades of gray series mixed with black and white, are collectively called achromatic system. Gradient from white to light gray, medium gray, dark to black, colorimetry is called the black and white series. The black and white series is represented by a vertical axis, with white at one end, black at the other, and various transitional grays in the middle. Achromatic systems have no hue or purity, both are zero, and only change in brightness. The brightness of a color can be expressed in terms of black and white. The closer to white, the higher the brightness. The closer it is to black, the lower the brightness. 2. Various colors on the spectrum, such as green, cyan, blue, purple and other colors (including colors with the same brightness and different purity), all belong to the chromatic system. The chromatic system has the three elements of color, namely hue, lightness, and purity. (3) Color Circle Newton connected the complete bands of the sun end to end to form a donut shape, and divided the circle into six equal parts, filling them with six colors: red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, and purple respectively. This circular ring is called the color wheel. The colors at the opposite ends of the color wheel are complementary to each other. The three primary colors and three secondary colors are arranged in a certain position, that is, the primary colors and the secondary colors are complementary, which is called the complementary color wheel.
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