Non-woven fabrics without textiles

In public perception, traditional fabrics are made of textiles. The name of non-woven fabric makes people wonder, does it really not need to be woven?

Non-woven fabrics are also called non-woven fabrics, which are fabrics that do not require weaving or weaving. It is not made of yarns interwoven and braided one by one in the traditional sense, but a cloth formed by directly bonding fibers together through physical methods. In terms of production technology, non-woven fabrics directly use polymer slices, short fibers or filaments to form fibers into a web through airflow or machinery, and then reinforce them through hydroentanglement, acupuncture or hot rolling, and finally after finishing to form a non-woven fabric. of fabric.

The production process of non-woven fabrics can be divided into the following steps:

　1. Combing the fibers; 2. Forming the fibers into a web; 3. Fixing the fiber web; 4. Heat treatment; 5. Final finishing.

Non-woven fabrics can be classified according to their causes:

　 (1) Spunlaced non-woven fabric: spray high-pressure fine water flow onto one or more layers of fiber web to entangle the fibers with each other to strengthen the fiber web.

(2) Heat-sealing non-woven fabric: refers to adding fibrous or powdery hot-melt adhesive reinforcement materials to the fiber web , the fiber web is heated, melted and then cooled to strengthen it into cloth.

(3) Pulp air-laid non-woven fabric: also known as dust-free paper and dry paper-making non-woven fabric cloth. It uses air-laid technology to turn wood pulp fibers into single fibers, and uses airflow to agglomerate the fibers on the web curtain and then strengthen it into cloth.

(4) Wet-laid non-woven fabric: The fiber raw materials placed in the water medium are opened into single fibers. And mix different fiber raw materials to form a fiber suspension slurry and transport it to the web-forming mechanism, where it is formed into a web and reinforced into cloth in a wet state.

(5) Spunbond non-woven fabric: after the polymer is extruded and stretched to form continuous filaments Layed into a web, the fiber web is bonded or mechanically reinforced to become a non-woven fabric.

(6) Melt-blown non-woven fabric: The production steps are polymer input-melt extrusion-fiber formation-fiber Cool-form into web-reinforce into cloth.

(7) Needle-punched non-woven fabric: It is a type of dry-laid non-woven fabric that uses the puncture effect of needles , the fluffy fiber mesh is reinforced into cloth.

(8) Stitch-bonded non-woven fabric: It is a type of dry-laid non-woven fabric that uses warp-knitted coil structure Non-woven fabrics are made by reinforcing fiber webs, yarn layers, non-woven materials (such as plastic sheets, etc.) or their combinations.

The fiber raw materials required to make non-woven fabrics are very wide, such as cotton, linen, wool, asbestos, glass fiber, Viscose fiber (rayon) and synthetic fiber (including nylon, polyester, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, vinylon, etc.). But nowadays, non-woven fabrics are no longer mainly made of cotton fiber, and other fibers such as rayon have taken its place.

Non-woven fabric is also a new type of environmentally friendly material, which is moisture-proof, breathable, elastic, light weight, and non-combustible , easy to decompose, non-toxic and non-irritating, rich in color, low in price, and recyclable, so it has a wide range of applications.

Among industrial materials, non-woven fabrics have high filtration efficiency, insulation, heat insulation, acid resistance, alkali resistance, Due to its tear resistance and other characteristics, it is often used to make products such as filter media, sound insulation, electrical insulation, packaging, roofing and abrasive materials. In the daily necessities industry, it can be used as clothing lining materials, curtains, wall decoration materials, diapers, travel bags, etc. In medical and sanitary products, it can be used in the production of surgical gowns, hospital gowns, masks, sanitary belts, etc.